基于CNKI的中医药治疗癫痫的知识图谱分析＊

目的 运用科学知识图谱的手段，分析中医药治疗癫痫的研究进程并提炼重点。方法 设置检索时间为1990年至2020年，检索对象为中国知网（CNKI）该领域的相关文献，运用CiteSpace软件科学、准确地分析这些文献的作者信息、研究（发文）机构、关键词情况。结果 共计纳入文献793篇，马融-张喜莲、刘金民、谢炜、王洪图-张丽萍等领导核心作者团队，北京、广州以及广西中医药大学、天津中医药大学第一附属医院、南方医科大学等单位为主要进行相关研究的机构，高频关键词包括大鼠、难治性癫痫、小儿癫痫、海马、脑电图等，作用机制、网络药理学、肠道菌群、氧化应激、分子生物学等为近年来的热点与前沿。结论 通过借用知识图谱的分析能帮助提炼国内中医药治疗癫痫研究领域的重点，全面分析并科学判断近年来该领域的热点及前沿，为未来的研究夯实基础并把握方向。     

基于SSR标记与化学成分构建十堰地区天师栗核心种质库＊

目的 利用筛选出十堰的天师栗中高多态性SSR位点评价天师栗种质资源的遗传多样性，结合有效药用成分含量，构建十堰地区天师栗核心种质库。方法 收集十堰地区114份天师栗种质资源，以七叶树基因组为参考，采用荧光毛细管电泳筛选出高多态性SSR位点，对天师栗种质资源进行遗传多样性分析。利用HPLC测定不同种质干燥娑罗子中七叶皂苷的含量。采用最小距离逐步聚类取样策略（LDSS），根据遗传多样性保留程度初步筛选出核心种质，并对该核心种质与原始种质的遗传多样性参数进行T检验，选择与原种质差异不显著的核心种质为最佳核心种质。结果 筛选出13对高多态性SSR分子标记，遗传多样性评价结果表明十堰地区天师栗种质资源遗传多样性较高，遗传分化较小，存在着较大的基因流，114份种质资源未分为不同的亚群，周家坝和辽叶居群间具有较近的遗传亲缘关系，且周家坝居群娑罗子中的七叶皂苷A及七叶皂苷B含量普遍较高。最终筛选出的核心种质共23份，占总种质资源的20.17%，其中周家坝12份样本、辽叶6份样本、普龄5份样本。结论 将SSR分子标记与主要有效药用成分结合，采用LDSS取样策略构建十堰地区天师栗种质资源核心种质库的方法具有可行性，能够有效的保存与管理天师栗种质资源，也为当地天师栗品种改良、新品种选育研究等提供了研究基础。     

基于LDA模型的中医药人工智能领域主题演化分析＊

目的 梳理总结中医药人工智能领域近40年的研究情况，分析该领域研究主题演化过程，发现热点主题和研究前沿。方法 本研究检索了CNKI和WOS中中医药人工智能领域的文献，根据生命周期理论划分不同时间片，将文献摘要作为研究对象，采用LDA主题模型挖掘文本主题，分析主题的演化过程，识别热点主题。结果 纳入中英文文献2750篇，根据生命周期理论划分中医药人工智能领域发展阶段，分别建立全局和各阶段的LDA模型，挖掘出全局热点主题有中医专家系统、中医辅助诊断系统、中医药数据挖掘等，发现主题演化路径并进行可视化展示。结论 中医药与人工智能主要的结合点在中医智能系统、中医药知识组织和中医智能诊疗机器人这3方面，这3个方向的研究均离不开神经网络技术的支持，同时也结合了关联规则发现、复杂网络研究等方法。     

山西省医疗机构儿科药学服务问题研究

目的：调查山西省146所设有儿科的医疗机构儿科药学服务现状及225名药师药学服务能力基本情况，研究目前山西省儿科药学服务存在的问题。方法：以“问卷星”的形式发放调查表，对山西省医疗机构儿科药学人员配备情况、硬件水平及药学服务能力水平等进行调查，并进行统计分析。结果：省内医疗机构未配备药学智能化设备占比53.42%，配备情况有待提高；儿科临床药师配备较少，仅占16.44%；受访医疗机构开展的药学服务在儿科患者用药交代、用药咨询及用药教育、处方(医嘱审核)、药学科普服务等方面占比较大，在开展儿童静脉药物集中调配、药学门诊、慢病管理及治疗药物监测(TDM)等药学服务占比较小，分别占比11.64%、10.27%、4.79%以及4.11%。结论：本次调查在一定程度上反映山西省目前医疗机构儿科药学服务存在的相关问题，药学服务水平需要整体提升，服务模式目前尚属于探索性阶段，需要逐渐模式化、规范化及统一化，为患者提供同质化的药学服务。     

Phacoemulsification,Intraocular Lens Implantation,Goniosynechialysis, and Pseudo-Pupilloplasty for Refractory Acute Primary Angle Closure with Atonic Dilated Pupil

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of prompt phacoemulsification, intraocular lens implantation, visco-goniosynechialysis, combined with pseudo-pupilloplasty for refractory acute primary angle closure (APAC) with atonic dilated pupil and to describe a feasible method of pupilloplasty.MethodsA consecutive series of refractory APAC patients who had atonic dilated pupil and undergone prompt phacoemulsification combined with pseudo-pupilloplasty at our center were retrospectively analyzed. Pseudo-pupilloplasty referred to a method of pupilloplasty which included 4.5-mm capsulorhexis, postoperative opacification of anterior capsule residue, and ultimate pseudo-pupil formation. Preoperative and postoperative measurements included intraocular pressure (IOP), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and anterior chamber depth (ACD). Intraoperative and postoperative complications were documented. The process of pseudo-pupil formation was also observed.ResultsA total of 20 eyes of 19 APAC patients were followed up for 19.7 ± 9.8 months. IOP was lowered from preoperative 44.0 ± 9.8 mmHg to 15.5 ± 2.6 mmHg at final visit (t = 11.945, P < 0.001). ACD was deepened from preoperative 1.77 ± 0.21 mm to 3.40 ± 0.20 mm at final visit (t = –27.711, P < 0.001). Twelve of 20 eyes had residual angle synechiae, whereas only 3 eyes needed anti-glaucoma medications. No severe complication was observed. All eyes had pseudo-pupil gradually formed within 3 months, accompanied with the gradual improvement of BCVA from preoperative 1.18 ± 0.55 to 0.58 ± 0.22, 0.26 ± 0.09, 0.11 ± 0.09, and 0.11 ± 0.09 at postoperative day 1, month 1, month 3, and last visit.ConclusionsPrompt phacoemulsification-goniosynechialysis is effective and safe for refractory APAC with atonic dilated pupil. Pseudo-pupilloplasty is a feasible procedure for pupil reconstruction.     

A Case of Refractory Childhood Glaucoma Secondary to Weill-Marchesani Syndrome: Management with Combined CO2 Laser-Assisted Sclerectomy Surgery and Trabeculectomy

A 2-year-old girl was diagnosed as Weill-Marchesani syndrome with typical systemic features of short stature, short and stubby hands and feet, language disorders and mental retardation. He developed bilateral angle closure glaucoma, ectopia lentis and suffered visual loss from the ocular features of Weill-Marchesani syndrome. The child was successfully treated by combined CO₂ laser-assisted sclerectomy surgery and trabeculectomy.     

细胞力学在压力性损伤中的作用及影响因素研究进展

随着压力性损伤的研究重心逐渐向细胞水平转移，发现力学因素下细胞结构和功能改变在压力性损伤发展过程中起重要作用。综述力学因素下压力性损伤发生机制、影响因素、评估以及预防管理。旨在提高护理人员对压力性损伤更为深入地认知，从而推动压力性损伤研究多元化发展。     

Hepatotoxicity of cantharidin is associated with the altered bile acid metabolism

Cantharidin (CTD) is an effective antitumor agent. However, it exhibits significant hepatotoxicity, the mechanism of which remains unclear. In this study, biochemical and histopathological analyses complemented with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS)-based targeted metabolomic analysis of bile acids (BAs) were employed to investigate CTD-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Sixteen male and female Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: control and CTD (1.0 mg/kg) groups. Serum and liver samples were collected after 28 days of intervention. Biochemical, histopathological, and BA metabolomic analyses were performed for all samples. Further, the key biomarkers of CTD-induced hepatotoxicity were identified via multivariate and metabolic pathway analyses. In addition, metabolite–gene–enzyme network and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses were used to identify the signaling pathways related to CTD-induced hepatotoxicity. The results revealed significantly increased levels of biochemical indices (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and total bile acid). Histopathological analysis revealed that the hepatocytes were damaged. Further, 20 endogenous BAs were quantitated via UHPLC-MS/MS, and multivariate and metabolic pathway analyses of BAs revealed that hyocholic acid, cholic acid, and chenodeoxycholic acid were the key biomarkers of CTD-induced hepatotoxicity. Meanwhile, primary and secondary BA biosynthesis and taurine and hypotaurine metabolism were found to be associated with the mechanism by which CTD induced hepatotoxicity in rats. This study provides useful insights for research on the mechanism of CTD-induced hepatotoxicity.